MUZIUM TYT / TYT MUSEUM
RELATIONS BETWEEN THE FEDERATION AND THE STATES
Limits of Federal and State Laws
In the exercise of the legislative powers conferred upon it by this Constitution:-
(a) Parliament may make laws for the whole or any part of the Federation and also laws having effect outside as well as within the Federation.
(b) The State Legislature may make laws for the whole or any part of the State.
Matters of Law for Federal and State Laws
(1) Without prejudice to any power conferred on Parliament to make laws by any other matter. Parliament may make laws on any matter mentioned in the Federal List or the Concurrent List, that is, the First or Third List set out in the Ninth Schedule.
(2) Without prejudice to any power conferred on a State Legislature to make laws by any other Article, the State Legislature (that is, the Second List set out in the Ninth Schedule) or the Concurrent List.
(3) The power to make laws conferred by this Article shall be exercised subject to any conditions or restrictions imposed by this Constitution on any particular matter.
(4) Where the general debate and the specific debate are used in showing any matter specified in the Ninth Schedule, the scope of the general debate shall not be construed as being limited by the specific debate.
FEDERAL CONSTITUTION
The Federal Constitution under Part 5, Article 70, on the States, provides on matters of Precedence of the King and the Yang Di-Pertua Negeri:
70 (1) Subject to the precedence of the Yang Di-Pertua Agong and his Queen, the King and the Yang Di-Pertua Negeri shall take precedence over all other persons and every King or Yang Di-Pertua Negeri shall, in his own State, take precedence over other Kings and Yang Di-Pertua Negeri.
70 (2) Subject to Clause (1), the King shall take precedence over the Yang Di-Pertua Negeri and, among themselves, according to the date of their elevation to the King, and the Yang Di-Pertua Negeri shall, among themselves, take precedence over the date of their appointment as Yang Di-Pertua Negeri; and if the Yang Di-Pertua Negeri are appointed on the same day, the elder shall take precedence over the younger.
The Federal Constitution under Part 5, Article 71, also provides, the guarantee of the Federal Government to the State Constitution: and to hold, enjoy and enjoy the privileges of the Ruler of that State in accordance with the Constitution of that State; but any dispute as to the right to succeed to the Ruler of any State shall be decided only by such authority and only in such manner as may be provided by the Constitution of that State.
